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is still needed today animal testing?

Medical research has always used animals for testing new surgical techniques, following the evolution of disease organisms on animals to better understand the mechanisms of attack on the human body and test new drugs.

Despite great advances in medicine many, even within the scientific community began to have doubts about the usefulness of all experiments performed and the legality of exploitation of living beings.

Many other distinguished scientists are fighting for a greater respect for animals, considering the experiment in some cases necessary.

Reasons Favorable

within the scientific community who supports the use of animal research , said today that without it would not be able to cure many diseases and there are not many drugs currently on the market.

All living Nobel prizes for medicine, in fact, acknowledged that medical research has drawn great benefits use of laboratory animals.
The technique of gene targeting (Mario Capecchi, Martin Evans and Oliver Smiethiers), for example, is used today by researchers around the world to "build" in mice with mutations in the genes inserted. The researcher can select which gene is known as change. Queta technology is also assuming importance of studies on cancer, on many diseases and in clinical medicine.

Animal experimentation and its merits were examined by a UK study undertaken by the Weatherall committee, commissioned by the Royal Society, the Medical Research Council, the Wellcome Trust and the Academy of Medical Sciences, has identified both scientific and moral motivation for the experiments conducted on monkeys for research purposes.

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Sir David Weatherall, a former geneticist at Oxford University and lead author of the report, said that in some cases the use of primates Human remains the only way to answer important scientific questions because other animals such as mice are not sufficiently similar to humans.

"Is there a scientific reason behind the careful research and strictly regulated conducted on non-human primates, at least for the foreseeable future, provided that it continues to be the only way to solve major scientific and medical issues that remain and the high standards of welfare, "he said.

The committee also said that three diseases, like malaria, AIDS and TB can be tackled best through which vaccines can be developed and validated in terms of security only by means of experimentation on monkeys.

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Silvio Garattini Scientist and director of the Institute of Pharmacological Research Mario Negri in Milan, said:

"There is now no option but the use of animals if you want to have models of human disease on which test new forms of therapy.

If we look at the history of medicine we find that any significant finding which has proved very practical for man has been through the use of animals. Today we would not have vaccines, drugs and surgery the same organ transplants where previously there had been no adequate animal testing. " ( article www.focus.it )

The reasons against

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antivivisection According to animal testing in addition to not serve in some cases have even slowed down medical progress .

Cases of incorrect trials, in fact, are numerous.

One can cite, for example, the case of thalidomide. This is a drug that was sold in the '50s and '60s as a sedative, anti-nausea, pointing especially to pregnant women. Was withdrawn from sale at the end of 1961 following the discovery of the teratogenicity of one of its components. Women treated with thalidomide were giving birth to deformed babies. In 1973

spray isoproterenol killed thousands of asthmatics.

Both drugs were put on the market after tests on animals that had negative results.

In 2009, the Mediator medicine for the treatment of diabetes and obesity was withdrawn from the market because it would result in France between 500 and 1000 deaths.

Other substances such as smoke, asbestos, arsenic, benzene and wool are harmless to animals but harmful to humans.

Hence the problem of generalizability the results: if any animal species is quite similar to humans this means that the final testing is done on the latter and annulling the sacrifice of millions of animals.

addition, the stress they are subjected to laboratory animals invalidate the results of experiments by making them unreliable. This explains why the same experiment performed on animals of the same species but in different laboratories often gives different results.

Finally, the tests conducted on animals provide coverage to legal protection in cases of pharmaceutical harmful effects on humans of the drug entered the market.
Umberto Veronesi, researcher, and medical oncologist, dedicates his book "A caress to heal," an important chapter to animal testing. He strongly opposed the violence and the aberrations on living organisms with a nervous system and thus able to feel pain and suffering, stressed the need to take ethical behavior toward animals. He argued that there are now alternative methods, thus taking the reverse position to the animal testing laboratory, which should be kept to a minimum, has been active in animal rights, preaching, among other things, like a vegetarian diet is best for preserve our body from diseases and disorders.

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How Veronesi. other distinguished scientists, doctors and scholars have sided with the animals to advertise but many other alternative forms useful to the progress in scientific research, medical, medication. Recall, for example, Margherita Hack, astrophysics and science, which was recently activated as a result of new European legislation in relation to animal testing, disseminating a petition opposed to it and taking the side of the animals.