The period between 1824 and 1854 is identified with the period of the second party system, which was formed after the crushing of the Republican Party founded by Jefferson. It marked the birth of the political parties themselves.
After the election of 1824 Jackson went on to accuse Adams of having a pact with evil Clay for the presidency and always considered an illegitimate president. Soon Republican representatives in both houses of Congress were divided into pro-Adams and pro-Jackson.
The presidential elections of 1828 were transitional elections. The congressional caucus not was more feasible. The national convention, intended to replace, was not yet born. In October 1825, even three years before the election, Jackson was named presidential candidate by the parliament of his home state, Tennessee. Jackson accepted the nomination in a speech that parliament. Adams was nominated by a convention but the state of Pennsylvania. Subsequently, both Adams and Jackson got the investiture of other legislatures, conventions and public meetings. Elections Adams and Jackson showed up with no party affiliations defined. Jackson took the coveted revenge on his rival, winning by a good margin.
If Jefferson had proclaimed himself "the people's side," Jackson was the first president "of the people," that is popular origins. Shooting the themes of the first Jefferson, against the elite and centralism. Was contrary to the central bank and protectionism. He used his powers as President with great prejudice, in fact strengthen them considerably to the powers of Congress. Systematically applying the spoils system, he renewed a fifth of government employees. Allows employees hired by the former to keep their jobs only if they expressed loyalty to him and his party. He changed the meaning of the presidential veto, because not only used for block the action of Congress, which held unconstitutional, but in any case useful. Collided with the Vice-President Calhoun, former Vice-President Adams administration. Aiming to get rid of ministers loyal to Calhoun, he ordered all the government to resign and appoint a new one. He regarded these practices its own right and an absolute democratic normality. The Jacksonians favored the growing democratization of American policy and benefited in terms of consensus. They collected the votes of many workers, immigrants and new settlers established themselves in areas west of the Alleghenies.
After the elections of 1828 in which the opposing factions had split the old Republican party organized themselves into political parties themselves, the National-Democratic-Republicans and Republicans. Both parties sought to keep alive the ties with the Republican Party of Jefferson. The Democratic-Republicans adopted this name to call the Jefferson professed faith in the people and democracy of the 'common man "for Jackson. Supporters of Adams and Clay called themselves National-Republicans, since they wanted the United States as a nation, not a confederation of states, and because it's policy of strengthening the federal government conducted by Adams. Many positions of the National-Republicans Federalists echoed those of the deceased. Favored national policies for growth and industry support, were for protectionism, the central bank and the federal administration of public lands, denounced the spoils system, opposed to the tyranny of executive power. In terms of the agreement the National-Republicans were penalized by their central location, which contrast with the populist tendencies of the time and the prevailing opinion, more sensitive to the autonomy of the states.
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